G5293 - hypotassō - Strong's Greek Lexicon (KJV)
My point is simply: when the NT says “submit,” it’s usually talking about sanctification — how saved people live out their faith — not how a person gets saved in the first place.
Something interesting of note in Romans 10 in the Greek (new to me but doubtless not to you): akouō vs hypakouō.
So hypakouō "faithful" hearing comes after akouō hearing? After believing?
Rom 10:14
How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of whom they have G191 not heard? G191 and how shall they hear G191 without a preacher?
Rom 6:17
But God be thanked, that ye were the servants of sin, but ye have obeyed G5219 from the heart that form of doctrine which was delivered you.
Rom 10:16
But they have G5219 not all obeyed G5219 the gospel. For Esaias saith, Lord, who hath believed our report?
ἀκούω (akoúō) = to hear
ὑπακούω (hypa-koúō) = to hear under → to heed, to submit to what is heard
The prefix ὑπό (hypo) means under (as in hierarchy, hypodermic, etc.).
So:
ὑπακούω = to place oneself under what is heard
This is not just louder hearing — it is positional hearing.
It means accepting the authority of what one hears.
That is why in Greek literature and the NT it means:
to obey, to submit, to respond with compliance
ἀκούω = auditory reception
ὑπακούω = covenantal submission to what is heard
IMO submission is a good basic translation of hupotassō.
So, Rom10:3:
NKJ Romans 10:1 Brethren, my heart's desire and prayer to God for Israel is that they may be saved. 2 For I bear them witness that they have a zeal for God, but not according to knowledge. 3 For they being ignorant of God's righteousness (literally, the [of] the God righteousness), and seeking to establish their own righteousness, have not submitted (hupotassō) to the righteousness [of] God.
- Note how translators are trying to deal with v.3
- NKJ Romans 10:3 For they being ignorant of God's righteousness
- NET Romans 10:3 For ignoring the righteousness that comes from God
- ESV Romans 10:3 For, being ignorant of the righteousness of God,
- CJB Romans 10:3 for, since they are unaware of God's way of making people righteous
- NLT Romans 10:3 For they don't understand God's way of making people right with himself.
- So, what does "the [of] the God righteousness" & "the righteousness [of] God" mean - what is Paul talking about?
- Israel did not submit to "the righteousness of God"
- What's Paul talking about in Rom10 that Israel did not hupotassō to?