As a nation Israel is the enemy of Christianity, as Paul said. But of course God has always had a remnant of Israel as He has right now!
Romans 11 has Paul discussing the salvation of those that don't remain in disbelief, and by the act of many Israelites having a crisis in faith, nonIsraelites were called into the election. The thought being that the blindness is merely temporary for those who were truly Israel (see Romans 9:6), but not all Israelites will be grafted back in, which is why we see the conditional phasing in Romans 11:23. This is not a contradiction of "All Israel will be saved" because "Not all of Israel is Israel."
Paul is basically saying that despite being in opposition to the truth in the moment, some people have the correct nature to eventually find the truth and find Christ. And we see this blindness leave the 3000 Israelites in Acts when they put aside their apostasy and join Christianity.
When will the (temporary) blindness leave Israel? It probably has been doing so bit by bit for a long time now, as evidenced in Acts. The question we should be asking is whether he was talking about other Israelites finding salvation during their lifetime (just as he did) perhaps over many generations or whether there is some allusion to salvation at or after death (as we see with some interpretations of Jesus visiting the "prison"). True Israel is Christian. It is possible that a sheep may be covered in a goat's fur and think of itself as a goat, but at the heart of the matter it has always been a sheep and hears the calling of the sheppard.
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