It is true that Jesus' first followers were Jews, Jesus Himself was a Jew and practiced the Jewish religion and it's traditions. But the Jews who followed Jesus saw their religious beliefs fulfilled and became Christian. Gentiles would follow suit. But, in fact,, most Jews of Jesus' time did not become Christian and those that didn't were massacred or dispersed by the Romans in the year 70AD, The great majority of Jews at that time didn't believe in Jesus as God or prophet, only as a faker and evil man.
The reasons that the Jewish hierarch hated Jesus were because they thought He was a blasphemer, and they were afraid of losing their secular and religious power over the Jewish people. And they were jealous of Jesus.
In fact, at the time of Jesus' crucifixion there were very few who supported Jesus as Messiah or prophet. At the crucifixion, the Jews abandoned Jesus enmasse. It was the Jewish crowds that demanded His death. And the Jewish mob cried out to let His blood be on us and on our children.
Today, the Muslims hold a higher esteem for Jesus than today's Jews do. The Muslims view Jesus as a holy prophet from God while today's Jews still think of Jesus as an evil fraud and deceiver. And granted, there a very small % of Messianic Jews today who do follow Jesus and believe He is the Messiah.