Apologetics: witnessing to atheists

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There is a conflict in the biblical evidence, so how does one deal with this simple problem, Paul and Luke cannot both be correct in what they recorded in the scriptures.
A good, seasoned detective and the impartial juror won’t throw out the whole case because of one confusing point. Instead, they weigh all the evidence and reach a reasonable conclusion. Good lawyers don’t throw out evidence because they don’t yet understand motive. They build the case on what is knowable and let the deeper purposes come to light later. You don’t throw out the entire case because of a single difficult moment. The core facts, the full picture, and the truth hold firm. For a lawyer or a detective, they don’t stop looking for the truth just because one piece of evidence or a personal setback throws them off course.

In every courtroom trial, especially the major ones, there are always unanswered questions. Detectives don’t know every detail. Witnesses can’t explain everything. Even the suspect, when caught, might refuse to answer key questions: Why that victim? Why that time? Why that location? Why that method? Why those shoes, those clothes, that plan?

The prosecution might not be able to tell the grieving family why their loved one was targeted. And yet—despite all those unanswered questions—the court can still find the truth.

Because truth isn’t based on answering every single question. Truth is based on evidence, not about questions that do not pertain to the evidence.
 
This is true, but it is also true that humans are emotional beings and psychologically flawed. Evidence that contradicts someone's worldview will likely be discounted as not credible because of either emotional or psychological reasons. Strongly pro-Trump voters simply do not see what others call evidence of flaws or even illegalities in Trump's actions. This is not a consciously willful action, they honestly cannot see the issue. And it applies to numerous other aspects of life.

There is a video where a group of basketball players stand in a circle, and the viewers are told to count how many times the ball ius passed from one player to another. After watching the video, they are asked about the person in the gorilla suit. Very few people report having seen this individual walking into the circle, yet the action is clear when one is not focusing on the ball.

The ideal of following the evidence is prominent but the number of false convictions where evidence was clearly ignored is higher than one would like. In these cases, the accused party is deemed guilty for whatever reason, and contradictory evidence is simply not noticed. We work against it, but emotional and psychological factors are usually not in our awareness. Very few people are aware of most of their biases, I have heard of none who are aware of all their biases.
That doesn’t overrule the evidence or the truth.
 
Alleged contradictions do not bother me.

I have heard so many that the alleged contradictions end up being something that doesn’t even affect the doctrine of Christ.

Person: The Bible is filled with contradictions!! It differs in details and such!!

Me: Ok…it differs in details..so? That isn’t enough to shake my faith. The only way would be to prove Christ did not resurrect from the dead.
 
@Bible_Highlighter, have you ever debated an atheist?

Unofficially in my place a few years back, yes.
But that was because I was kind of forced into it.
Generally I prefer not to debate them.
My engagements with them online have not been pleasant.
I used to be an atheist, but God had other plans.
Currently, my Bible interests are in different areas that keep me really busy.



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The Christian faith isn’t disproved by an “alleged contradiction” or discrepancy.
I have not counted, but I’m sure critics state there are hundreds and hundreds—if not thousands of “contradictions/discrepancies” in the Bible.

Do I care? No.

Because “the faith which was once delivered unto the saints” (Jude 3) isn’t disproved by the alleged contradictions and inconsistencies. It’s disproved if the resurrection didn’t occur (1 Cor. 15). Paul didn’t say “And if Luke was wrong about what I did, or if I was wrong with what I did, then our preaching is vain, and your faith is also vain…and ye are yet in your sins.” Even if the “contradiction” about Luke/Paul is correct, then it isn’t something that destroys the faith, otherwise Paul would have seen fit to record it as the factor that would.

The same goes for any other alleged contradictions, for evil, pain, and suffering, or for texts that are hard to understand. Not a single disputable passage undermines the reliability of Scripture.

Since the Old Testament is accurate—as Jesus affirmed (John 10:35; cf. 5:39)—and since it accurately foretold Him, why would we doubt the New Covenant, with its better promises (Hebrews 8:6)? The Gospels themselves recorded Jesus accurately, including His foretelling of the fall of Jerusalem (Matthew 24) and His own death and resurrection (Matthew 16:21; 17:22–23; 20:18–19; Mark 8:31; 9:31–32; Luke 9:22; John 2:19; 21:22). These were historical events. Again, why then would all the other New Covenant verses not also be accurate?

They would be.
 
Unofficially in my place a few years back, yes.
But that was because I was kind of forced into it.
Generally I prefer not to debate them.
My engagements with them online have not been pleasant.
I used to be an atheist, but God had other plans.
Currently, my Bible interests are in different areas that keep me really busy.
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I understand. Glad you are no longer an atheist. My engagements with them online have not been very pleasant either. Very vitriol and hateful.
 
If a detective lets pain, chaos, or unfairness stop an investigation, they’d never solve a single case. Many cases are painful, tragic, and unfair. But if a detective shut down every time a case was difficult or emotional, cases would never get solved. Similarly, if one rejects the investigation into God because life is painful or unfair, they will never find out whether He exists — or whether He’s spoken to us about that pain. If we demand objectivity, courage, and perseverance to solve human cases — why wouldn’t we demand at least that much in our own search for the Creator of everything? Isn’t the question of God’s existence the most important “case” anyone could investigate? Emotions don’t solve cases — evidence does. Feelings are real, but they can’t change the facts. In every case, no matter how heartbreaking, we have to follow the evidence — not our emotions.

Think about everything around you — people, animals, planets, even time itself. None of these things exist on their own. They all depend on something else for their existence. Your phone depends on electricity. A plant depends on sunlight and water. Even you depend(ed) on your parents and the world around you.

Now, imagine if everything that began to exist depended on something else, and that something else also depended on another thing, and so on, forever — a never-ending chain with no starting point. Could anything actually exist right now?

No. Because if there were no starting point — no one who doesn’t need anything else to exist — then nothing would be here at all.

To explain why anything exists at all, we need to recognize there must be something that exists by its own nature, that does not depend on anything else, and that holds everything else up.

This is who we call God — the necessary being, the uncaused cause.

This isn’t just a guess — it’s a logical necessity. The very fact that you and I are here, that the universe exists right now, points to the reality of a necessary being who is the ultimate cause.

Why Can’t the Universe Be the Necessary Being?

Because the universe has parts that it needs to exist. Atoms, matter, molecules, energy, space, time, gravity, its forces and laws, etc etc. If the universe didn’t have none of these things, it would cease to exist.

Saying the universe “just is” without cause or explanation is unwittingly accepting the core insight of the Vertical Cosmological Argument (VCA): that something must exist necessarily and independently to ground everything else. Whether you label that entity “God” or use another term, the concept remains the same—an uncaused, necessary foundation that explains why anything exists at all.

Thus, the universe is dependent, contingent upon those things to exist, but what then caused those things to exist? None of those things can explain their own existence, they had a beginning—so they are not eternal, and they are not a necessary being—must exist by their own nature, cannot not exist. They exist, but could have not existed at all.

In order for there to be a cause that is not dependent, the cause has no starting or ending point, the ultimate cause for the existence of us and the world, there must be what Philosophers call a necessary being—a being who must exist by its own nature, and cannot not exist.

In order for the cause to not be dependent upon space, time, nature and matter to exist, then the cause itself would have to be beyond space, time, matter, and nature. And to create space, time, matter and nature the cause must be spaceless, timeless, supernatural, and immaterial.

In other words, the ultimate cause..the ultimate first cause whose existence is necessary and beyond space, time, matter and nature, is a spaceless, timeless, immaterial, all powerful, supernatural being who we know as God.

Yes, and Who also is personal and moral/all-loving. :love:
 
I understand. Glad you are no longer an atheist. My engagements with them online have not been very pleasant either. Very vitriol and hateful.

I grew up in a liberal Christian home, and later became an atheist because of my Science teacher in my teenage years. It was love that ultimately guided me back and softened my heart to be open to the truth in accepting the gospel message in the Chick tract,
“This Was Your Life,” in 1992.

IMG_4424.jpeg
This Was Your Life

When I accepted Jesus as my Savior, it was like a light had gone on inside me, and I received a love, a peace, and a joy that I had never known before. I radically changed and wanted everyone to feel the same way.

Nick Sayers in Australia, who runs a Textus Receptus / KJV YouTube channel (Revolution Debates), has an even more amazing testimony. He used to be an atheist, as well. He was also involved in a really rough gang or group that was dangerous.
When certain people were looking to kill him physically, he cried out to God for help.
The night that he accepted Jesus as his Savior in a dark room, he actually had seen the room light up.
He said it was an amazing experience or transformation for him. His life was changed just like mine.

Granted, I don't think an atheist can just go in and test the waters and expect the same experiences that we had. I believe these occurrences have to happen naturally in God's timing and drawing.


Side Note:

To see Nick's most relevant videos involving the Bible topic on his channel, click the "Live" button in the top button listings on his main channel page.

Side
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A good, seasoned detective and the impartial juror won’t throw out the whole case because of one confusing point. Instead, they weigh all the evidence and reach a reasonable conclusion. Good lawyers don’t throw out evidence because they don’t yet understand motive. They build the case on what is knowable and let the deeper purposes come to light later. You don’t throw out the entire case because of a single difficult moment. The core facts, the full picture, and the truth hold firm. For a lawyer or a detective, they don’t stop looking for the truth just because one piece of evidence or a personal setback throws them off course.

In every courtroom trial, especially the major ones, there are always unanswered questions. Detectives don’t know every detail. Witnesses can’t explain everything. Even the suspect, when caught, might refuse to answer key questions: Why that victim? Why that time? Why that location? Why that method? Why those shoes, those clothes, that plan?

The prosecution might not be able to tell the grieving family why their loved one was targeted. And yet—despite all those unanswered questions—the court can still find the truth.

Because truth isn’t based on answering every single question. Truth is based on evidence, not about questions that do not pertain to the evidence.

Actually, I fully agree with you. In my work I open with ignored evidence, things I never learned in seminary and from what I hear, most people never learned in seminary. How much do you know about Mithradates, what about Carrhae? Both these points certainly look like they are relevant to NT studies, and guess what, most seminary NT profs I have consulted with AGREE. They are puzzled about how I came to look at these points, but they tend to agree that they make a huge difference in what the NT is saying. I look at how the Romans behaved in the 1st century and what people's attitudes were regarding them. Hint, upper class and upwardly mobile Romans liked Rome. Outside of those people Rome was tolerated at best and tolerated solely because there was no realistic option.

Review how individuals were presented at different points in their lives also, Cassius was a great military hero, a financial genius, Rome needed more people like him. Oops, he lost a battle, he should never have been allowed near the military, he was just a money hungry corrupt individual and Rome is far better off without him anywhere near power, look at all the horrid things he did. Such changes occurred time and time again. Herod the Great's record is only known after he died for most people, the same for Antipas. They were disgraced in Rome's eyes and that disgrace extended back in time, they had always been despicable, at least if you wanted your work to avoid being censored after they were disgraced, and when your work got censored, you might pay the price also. But ignored evidence suggests that the well-known, official post disgrace image just might not be an accurate portrayal of how the Jews viewed them. They might not have been as bad as they are portrayed and in fact, it looks like they took the blame for actions of imperial Rome in scripture.

Now you want the evidence well it only takes well over 100 8-1/2x11 pages of 11-point, double that at least for the usual size book, and it is not finished. A lot of the evidence is obscure, you will not find it easily, but it is present. You see a couple comments, less than 1% of what is available, that do not fit with tradition that was set to survive under Roman rule and dismiss the entirety, or are you brave enough to want to see the whole story before you decide what is true. History in the 1st millennium and well into the second was written to deliver a message. The gospels and Acts were written and/or edited to portray Christianity as acceptable to Rome, and the balance of the NT was interpreted so as not to disagree.
 
Here are some Christian films for everyone here to check out:





Side Note:

Heaven’s war is not perfect, but it does have a good message and some good actions scenes.


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The renowned archaeologist Nelson Glueck put it like this:
It may be stated categorically that no archaeological discovery has ever controverted a Biblical reference. Scores of archaeological findings have been made which conform in clear outline or exact detail historical statements in the Bible (1959, p. 31).

Nothing has been found to disprove the historical accuracy of Biblical events, places, or people.

Archeologists say: Discovery after discovery has established the accuracy of innumerable details [of the Bible]” (Albright - one of the great archaeologists)
Fort Logan church of Christ Archeology of the Bible in an Enlightened Age Part 1 (New Testament)
Jonathan Moore DPM, MS, MA

“I began with a mind unfavorable to it (Acts), for the ingenuity and apparent completeness of the Tubingen theory had at one time quite convinced me. It did not lie then in my line of life to investigate the subject minutely; but more recently I found myself often brought in contact with the book of Acts as an authority for the topography, antiquities, and society of Asia Minor. It was gradually borne in upon me that in various details the narrative showed marvelous truth.” — Sir William Ramsey, St Paul The Traveler and The Roman citizen. A Skeptic’s Conclusion

“As could be expect of a person trained by such “scholars,” Ramsay held the same view—for a while. He held the view only for a brief time, however, because he did what few people of his time dared to do. He decided to explore the actual Bible lands with an open Bible—with the intention of proving the inaccuracy of Luke’s history as found in the book of Acts. However, much to his surprise, the book of Acts passed every test that any historical narrative could be asked to pass. After his investigation of the Bible lands, he was forced to conclude:

The more I have studied the narrative of the Acts, and the more I have learned year after year about Graeco-Roman society and thoughts and fashions, and organization in those provinces, the more I admire and the better I understand. I set out to look for truth on the borderland where Greece and Asia meet, and found it here [in the Book of Acts—KB]. You may press the words of Luke in a degree beyond any other historian’s, and they stand the keenest scrutiny and the hardest treatment, provided always that the critic knows the subject and does not go beyond the limits of science and of justice (1915, p. 89).” Kyle Butt, Fact “The New Testament is the Most Historically Accurate Book Ever Written”

“In extraordinary ways, modern archeology has affirmed the historical core of the Old and New Testaments--corroborating key portions of the stories of Israel’s patriarchs, the Exodus, the Davidic monarchy, the life and times of Jesus.” Jeffrey Shelter, “Is The Bible True?”, US News And World Report, October 25, 1995, p. 52

“The grand old Book of God still stands; and this old earth, the more its leaves are turned over and pondered, the more it will sustain and illustrate the sacred Word.” — James Dana, Yale professor, President of the Geological Society of America and the American Association for the Advancement of Science” quoted in The Bible: Fact or Fiction? by Dr Robert G. Witty, p 91
 
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The renowned archaeologist Nelson Glueck put it like this:
It may be stated categorically that no archaeological discovery has ever controverted a Biblical reference. Scores of archaeological findings have been made which conform in clear outline or exact detail historical statements in the Bible (1959, p. 31).

Nothing has been found to disprove the historical accuracy of Biblical events, places, or people.

Archeologists say: Discovery after discovery has established the accuracy of innumerable details [of the Bible]” (Albright - one of the great archaeologists)
Fort Logan church of Christ Archeology of the Bible in an Enlightened Age Part 1 (New Testament)
Jonathan Moore DPM, MS, MA

“I began with a mind unfavorable to it (Acts), for the ingenuity and apparent completeness of the Tubingen theory had at one time quite convinced me. It did not lie then in my line of life to investigate the subject minutely; but more recently I found myself often brought in contact with the book of Acts as an authority for the topography, antiquities, and society of Asia Minor. It was gradually borne in upon me that in various details the narrative showed marvelous truth.” — Sir William Ramsey, St Paul The Traveler and The Roman citizen. A Skeptic’s Conclusion

“As could be expect of a person trained by such “scholars,” Ramsay held the same view—for a while. He held the view only for a brief time, however, because he did what few people of his time dared to do. He decided to explore the actual Bible lands with an open Bible—with the intention of proving the inaccuracy of Luke’s history as found in the book of Acts. However, much to his surprise, the book of Acts passed every test that any historical narrative could be asked to pass. After his investigation of the Bible lands, he was forced to conclude:

The more I have studied the narrative of the Acts, and the more I have learned year after year about Graeco-Roman society and thoughts and fashions, and organization in those provinces, the more I admire and the better I understand. I set out to look for truth on the borderland where Greece and Asia meet, and found it here [in the Book of Acts—KB]. You may press the words of Luke in a degree beyond any other historian’s, and they stand the keenest scrutiny and the hardest treatment, provided always that the critic knows the subject and does not go beyond the limits of science and of justice (1915, p. 89).” Kyle Butt, Fact “The New Testament is the Most Historically Accurate Book Ever Written”

“In extraordinary ways, modern archeology has affirmed the historical core of the Old and New Testaments--corroborating key portions of the stories of Israel’s patriarchs, the Exodus, the Davidic monarchy, the life and times of Jesus.” Jeffrey Shelter, “Is The Bible True?”, US News And World Report, October 25, 1995, p. 52

“The grand old Book of God still stands; and this old earth, the more its leaves are turned over and pondered, the more it will sustain and illustrate the sacred Word.” — James Dana, Yale professor, President of the Geological Society of America and the American Association for the Advancement of Science” quoted in The Bible: Fact or Fiction? by Dr Robert G. Witty, p 91

You cite things that I am most NT seminary professors already know. Now what do you know about Mithradates and Carrhae or are those mysteries to you until you check online to see what they might be about. Just a little hint, both impact on Herodians if you look at the full details
 
I have looked into the evidence of Christianity…I have looked into the reliability of the Bible…I have also looked into other world religions….I have written or put together articles about all of that. Only one worldview or belief system is has the kind of cumulative case that the God of the Bible and the worldview of Christianity has. No other deity or religious scripture is supported by the kind of cumulative case —legal, philosophical, verifiable, testable, prophetical.
 
You cite things that I am most NT seminary professors already know. Now what do you know about Mithradates and Carrhae or are those mysteries to you until you check online to see what they might be about. Just a little hint, both impact on Herodians if you look at the full details
What do YOU do about it? Hint: Again, that doesn’t disprove the faith.
 
And by the way, in case you didn't know, in 25 CE, Tiberius was great in Roman eyes, by early 32 he was totally incompetent but by November of 32 he was back to great and in 37 was deified.

Among the Herodians, Herod the Great was a good ruler until he was a bad ruler and was removed from office likely 3 or 4 years before he died, Archelaus clearly failed, Jews rebelled against him and Rome removed him, Antipas, who Herod wanted to inherit the whole of his kingdom, was good until he was bad, then back to good and ended up bad, Agrippa 1 was good until he was bad. Only Philip and Agrippa 2 managed to end their reigns as good rulers. But another very plausibly Herodian seems to have been very bad in Roman eyes, briefly redeemed and then again condemned by Rome, but praised by Christians, one of the very rare examples where the Christian sources differ with Roman.
 
Peter didn’t say “always be ready to give an answer to every alleged historical objection, or every objection in general.”

Obviously, Peter didn’t think those things were sufficient to deny the reliability of the Bible or the gospel, or he would have said so. Same with Paul in 1 Cor. 15.

The Christian is to give an answer to every man that asketh you a reason of the hope that is in you with meekness and fear. What hope would that be? Is it answering every alleged discrepancy?

The Christians faith is in vain of an event didn’t occur?
What event would that be?

I have already proved where the NT is reliable and accurate by using the Bible itself. A book that is said to be “filled with contradictions” is able to answer the alleged contradictions. That right there is impressive. And has only strengthened my faith.

Furthermore, I’m not obligated to have a detailed answer for every alleged contradiction, every manuscript variant, or every obscure historical debate. Just like a detective or lawyer isn’t obligated to have a detailed answer to all the questions they or others may have, in order to know whether something happened. As the things that don’t pertain to the case..or the things that are completely irrelevant that doesn’t hurt or change the case, doesn’t matter. Just like a doctor doesn’t need to have every question answered or the answers to every question to know a medicine or procedure is reliable.
 
Just because many modern scholars or historians label a point in the New Testament as a “contradiction” doesn’t mean it truly is one. It may simply reflect incomplete knowledge, assumptions about Roman or Jewish practices, or a lack of attention to cultural context. In fact, we have seen this happen in science: for a long time, the prevailing view was that the universe had no beginning. Then evidence accumulated leading to the recognition of it having a beginning.

Similarly, alleged historical discrepancies in Scripture are reconciled as we better understand the historical, cultural, and legal realities of first-century Judaism, Roman governance, or the practices of early Christians.

Absence of current consensus is not proof of inaccuracy. History, like a legal case, must be judged on the totality of the evidence, not on selected points that seem confusing at first glance.