According to the Law of Moses, a Jew is one whose mother is a descendent of one of the twelve Tribes of Israel, and who is circumcised on the 8th day, and is a follower of the law. If anyone contends with this I will listen (*and likely argue, if you don't know me by now).
There are millions of people who claim to be Jews, and they claim this based on the traditions of their families, and, what I would call a tangential relationship with, the law of Moses. There are millions of "Jews" who are living in Israel based on a claim to Israel existing "for Jews."
But here is the sticking point I find in our day. By the definition of the Law of Moses, to be a Jew by blood, I need to be able to track a bloodline, on my mother's side, to Jacob. But at this date, it is unclear if anyone on earth who claims "Jew" can actually trace ancestry that far.
Now, as for problems from this discovery:
Religiously, this brings the question of who gets the blessings and responsibilities of carrying out the law? Since "the Jew" is known by Moses's Pentateuch, clearly he is seeking to sacrifice at the alter when he sins,but he needs a Levite to do this, meaning someone must be able to trace a bloodline to Levi.
Politically, this would, logically, also infer that at some point, God decided to change his criteria for who gets to claim "His" land in Israel.
Both of these bring more questions, and I find few answers.
More troubling, the Gospels and subsequent instructional letters, seem to infer that the Christian is now Israel, meaning that Jerusalem is actually the home of every Church on earth.
Does this mean we should seek to move to Israel and make it ours? To which tribe would we claim blood line?