Before a person becomes a Christian.
Scripture calls them the natural man.
They have no ability to worship or serve God.
After salvation a believer can be led by the Spirit or be a spiritual man.
People are either under the dominion of the flesh Kata sarka
or dominion of the Spirit...kata pneuma
NET Note on
natural man (psuchikos… anthropos) - “an unspiritual person, one who merely functions bodily, without being touched by the Spirit of God.”
Natural (
5591)(
psuchikos from
psuche = soul) is literally "soulish" with affinity to natural sinful propensities, the person in whom the
sarx, the flesh, is more the ruling principle.
Psuche is the nonphysical element which makes one alive, conscious of the environment, and is to be distinguished from pneuma or spirit, which is a distinctive of man as the element of communication with God.
Jude describe men who had crept into the assembly seeking to turn the grace of God into licentiousness (
Jude 1:4-
note) as "the ones who cause divisions,
worldly-minded (psuchikos), devoid of the Spirit." (
Jude 1:19-
note) And so the
natural man does not have the Holy Spirit. Paul amplifies this in Romans writing "you are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if indeed the Spirit of God dwells in you. But if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Him." (
Ro 8:9-
note) And so the
natural man does not belong to God, is not part of God's family, which explains why he cannot understand the "family language" so to speak. In
1Cor 2:12 Paul describes himself as a spiritual man who is the antithesis of the
natural man, for the spiritual man has not received "the spirit of the world, but the Spirit Who is from God." In that same passage Paul presented another distinction between the spiritual and
natural man, namely that the spiritual man (Paul speaking of himself) can "know the things freely given" by God, but the natural man cannot know (or understand) them (
1Cor 2:14).