I don't think Matthew 10 applies to all because in Matthew 10 Jesus said specifically for the 12 disciples to go the lost sheep of the house of Israel and preach the kingdom of heaven is at hand. The kingdom of heaven came 2000 years ago, there is no need for us to preach that message, it's not at hand any more its been here for 2000 years.
Mat 10:6 But go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.
Mat 10:7 And as ye go, preach, saying, The kingdom of heaven is at hand.
When Jesus speak to 12 disciple do not mean only for them, like in matt 28 Jesus speak to a group of people but it apply for us.
16 Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves: be ye therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.
17 But beware of men: for they will deliver you up to the councils, and they will scourge you in their synagogues;
18 And ye shall be brought before governors and kings for my sake, for a testimony against them and the Gentiles.
19 But when they deliver you up, take no thought how or what ye shall speak: for it shall be given you in that same hour what ye shall speak.
20 For it is not ye that speak, but the Spirit of your Father which speaketh in you.
21 And the brother shall deliver up the brother to death, and the father the child: and the children shall rise up against their parents, and cause them to be put to death.
22 And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake: but he that endureth to the end shall be saved.
23 But when they persecute you in this city, flee ye into another: for verily I say unto you, Ye shall not have gone over the cities of Israel, till the Son of man be come.
24 The disciple is not above his master, nor the servant above his lord.
Verse 21 brother deliver you (12 apostle ) to death not happen yet in the resurrection, it may happen 20 years after resurrection, so your theory till the son of man come mean resurrection is not fit.
Yes Jesus say not to go to non Israel, it was the first target, next target is every nations.
Verse 22 Jesus said you will hated by all men, if Jesus only targeting Israel why all man hate them?
I believe the chronology is, Israel first than all nation.