I agree that there were women in the Bible who served in ways that seem to contradict the interpretation of 1 Tim. 2:11-12. Miriam, Deborah, Huldah, Priscilla, and Phoebe are the most commonly given examples as you mentioned. Ultimately, Miriam, Deborah, and Huldah are meaningless to the issue at hand, as Paul is addressing leadership in the church. Leadership in old covenant Israel is not the subject at hand. Regarding Priscilla and Phoebe, the New Testament nowhere describes them serving in a way that contradicts 1 Tim 2:11-12. Priscilla, with her husband Aquila, discipled Apollos in their home Acts 18:26. Phoebe is simply identified as a servant of the church Romans 16:1.
Galatians 3:28 says that men and women are equal in God's eyes. Men and women are equal in God's eyes, but that is not the issue. The subject of Galatians 3:28 is equality in Christ, equal access to the salvation Christ offers. Men and women, Jews and Gentiles, slave and free are equal in this context. Church leadership is not the subject of Galatians 3:28. Further, we cannot take one verse and use it to cancel out another verse. Both Galatians 3:28 and 1 Timothy 2:11-12 are true. They do not contradict each other.
So, what would be the reason for the restriction on women in 1 Timothy 2:11-12,? The answer is given in the next two verses: For Adam was formed first, then Eve; and Adam was not deceived, but the woman was deceived, 1 Timothy 2:13-14. The order of creation and the nature of the fall impacts spiritual leadership in the church, and in the family, see Ephesians 5:22-33. Women are not to teach or have spiritual authority over men because women were created to be helpers to men and because Eve was deceived into sin. Through creation, and because of the Fall, God has chosen to give men the primary teaching authority in the church.
So, what does this mean practically? What are women restricted from doing? The clear implication is that women are not to serve in any role which involves the authoritative spiritual teaching of men. The role of pastoring is reserved for men. This is confirmed in the two passages which deal specifically with the qualifications for church leadership 1 Timothy 3:1-13; Titus 1:6-9. Church leaders are described as the "husband of one wife," "a man whose children believe," and a "men worthy of respect."
Rather than focusing on what ministries women are restricted from, the focus should be on the multitude of ways God calls and gifts women to serve. Women are nowhere restricted from proclaiming the gospel to the lost Acts 1:8; 1 Peter 3:15. Women are encouraged to teach other women Titus 2:3-5. Women are nowhere restricted from teaching children. Women being restricted from spiritual teaching authority over men is not a punishment. Rather, it is a refocusing to the ministries, skills, and gifts with which God blesses women.