Let me just start here.
“Therefore, if the whole church assembles together (This is the condition that specifies and limits what follows) and all speak in tongues, and ungifted men or unbelievers enter, will they not say that you are mad? But if all prophesy, and an unbeliever or an ungifted man enters, he is convicted by all, he is called to account by all; the secrets of his heart are disclosed; and so, he will fall on his face and worship God, declaring that God is certainly among you. What is the outcome then, brethren? When you assemble, each one has a psalm, has a teaching, has a revelation, has a tongue, has an interpretation. Let all things be done for edification. If anyone speaks in a tongue, it should be by two or at the most three, and each in turn, and one must interpret; but if there is no interpreter, he must keep silent in the church; and let him speak to himself and to God. Let two or three prophets speak, and let the others pass judgment. But if a revelation is made to another who is seated, the first one must keep silent. For you can all prophesy one by one, so that all may learn, and all may be exhorted; and the spirits of prophets are subject to prophets; for God is not a God of confusion but of peace, as in all the churches of the saints, the women are to keep silent in the churches; for they are not permitted to speak, but are to subject themselves, just as the Law also says. If they desire to learn anything, let them ask their own husbands (ἄνδρας – men or husbands) at home; for (here is the reason) it is improper for a woman to speak in church. Was it from you that the word of God first went forth? Or has it come to you only? (This is the reason the woman is commanded to show self-restraint.) If anyone thinks he is a prophet or spiritual, let him recognize that the things which I write to you are the Lord’s commandment. But if anyone ignores this, he is to be ignored (consequences). Therefore, my brethren, desire earnestly to prophesy, and do not forbid to speak in tongues. But all things must be done properly and in an orderly manner.”
A. Notice – the occasion / condition is “if the whole church assembles together.” The “anyone” of verse 27 is qualified by the “he” of verse 28 and has a limited application. This instruction is given to “all the churches of the saints.” In the context of the prophesying and tongues, “the women are to keep silent” and are “not permitted to speak.” Their subjection is to be self-imposed as they are to “subject themselves.” This is active, not passive they are to be self-subjecting not having to be forced to be subject. Clarification for whatever questions they may have was to be addressed “at home.” Why? Because it is “improper for a woman to speak in church.”
1. In verse 26 regarding the speaking in tongues, revelation, psalms, and interpretation Paul address the men saying, “each one,” this is nom, masc, sing. In verse 27 he says, “if anyone,” this too is nom, masc, sing. This is then reinforced in verse 28 by “let him be silent,” “let him speak to himself.” All of this is in relation to “a psalm, a teaching, a revelation, a tongue, or an interpretation.” In verse 29-33 Paul then address the issue of prophesying and in verses 33 and 34 commands the women to keep silent in this as well and not to speak because it is improper for them to do so.
2. Paul ends all of this by saying, “these things are the Lord's commandment.”