Was the law only given to Israel or did the Lord want the gentiles to listen and accept Him? It was given to the Jews but the message was designed for all, God wanted all to come to an understanding of His love, the nation of Israel was to be a light in a dark world. If a gentile wanted to become a jew they could but only by accepting the covenant conditions.
Did Jesus change the law when He came? Mat_5:17 "Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil." When He fulfilled the ceremonial laws we are told that they are no longer needed. By continuing to sacrifice lambs and partake in the ceremonies that Jesus fulfilled you are denying that Jesus is the lamb of God, denying that Jesus has accomplished that part of the service. Col 2:14 Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross;
Can a Jew ask for forgiveness, as he does every day, when he hasn’t recognized Christ? I'm not going to judge, but i will say that if a Jew rejects Christ and thinks that his works will save him he is not any different then a gentile rejecting Christ.
Mat 23:19 Ye fools and blind: for whether is greater, the gift, or the altar that sanctifieth the gift?
Mat 23:20 Whoso therefore shall swear by the altar, sweareth by it, and by all things thereon.
Does the grace he believes in allow him to be forgiven under the symbolic Christ?
Heb 9:1 Then verily the first covenant had also ordinances of divine service, and a worldly sanctuary.
Heb 9:9 Which was a figure for the time then present, in which were offered both gifts and sacrifices, that could not make him that did the service perfect, as pertaining to the conscience;
Heb 9:10 Which stood only in meats and drinks, and divers washings, and carnal ordinances, imposed on them until the time of reformation.
The blood of Jesus is the only way to be forgiven. Before Jesus came they had faith in the coming saviour and now we have faith in the saviour that has come. God will wink at ignorance, and only God knows if it is ignorance or rebellion.
Did the new covenant cancel any guidance the Lord gives us through telling of His law? There is a lot of confusion about the law, laws.
the old testament has so many valuable lessons we could never exhaust them all, the law (ten commandments of love) are part of the new covenant, and the ceremonial laws are helpful for us to understand what Jesus came to do and is doing today. Ecc 12:13 Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: Fear God, and keep his commandments: for this is the whole duty of man.
Psa 119:34 Give me understanding, and I shall keep thy law; yea, I shall observe it with my whole heart.
Rom_2:26 Therefore if the uncircumcision keep the righteousness of the law, shall not his uncircumcision be counted for circumcision?