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@Corban for putting forward the word "discriminate"
For whatever reason, it did not enter into my thoughts.
I was simply going to focus on "executive judgement" as in the ultimate say-so/veto power. Who has that?
Great care must be taken to know your place as a judge under THE judge.
Excommunication is something seen in scripture. This isn't lifelong though from what I can tell (like it is in some places today). Excommunication is to serve a purpose.
There are instances when certain offenses get into a category that only the Lord can rightly judge...consider the passage in Jude about the body of Moses. I'm uncertain whether any translation uses a different word than rebuke but to rebuke, judgement must be exercised.
I think according to a court room, or at least, my mind has begun to work that way. Each "case" is different. A different "lens" exists for people outside the church and that should be seriously considered before proceeding in any executory judgements.
"I judge this person to be someone I am not to judge"
"I judge this person as being guilty"
"I judge this person to be beyond my judgement" (submitted to a higher judge)
Alas, my issue right now is English. prhaps an easier distinction would be judgements in the old man and judgements in the new.
The following has been debated and it appears to me the flesh is still a factor, however: discernment between whether one is judging in the flesh or the spirit (The Lord guiding thereby). "Judge" this, and the question will have much less relevance. If this is not done, then I question someone's judgement if it is meted with any regularity.
The last sentence I'll expound a tiny bit. Basically, if someone who rarely gives judgement but is a strong believer and passes judgement, I am more inclined to take it seriously even though they may not have correct "judgement procedure" on the forefront of their mind. So long as I perceive they are led of the Lord, this carries great weight.
Someone that it is always "passing judgement" to the point where that phrase or a similar is used or though on by others, and these are seasoned believers...I would be inclined to perceive that they are in error and perhaps need some discussion/correction.
A further alas, I've been in these predicament before but somehow or another when I click on a section to edit, it just gets highlighted. If I go to add something in a place...when I type it starts to delete what I have already typed. I fixed it for a long time but it is back
But yeah, I think that "deferring" to the Lord's judgment in eternal matters should be done and in practical day to day matters, exercise judgement (with discernment) and of course seek wise counsel on difficult issues and pray and seek about it. It could be the reason why the Lord is not responding through prayer or the word is because you are capable to make a decision about a person, thing, event, circumstance, etc. That is, if he does not. Or it could be a timing thing. There's a lot to figure out, but it's an organic figuring out, not something that's forced.
Rather roundabout, I apologize. There is a good deal to be said if we are contrasting "instances" and what is appropriate and what is not. Too many to list but perhaps some good discussion will continue to be had on this subject.
I would post some scriptures, but the main ones have been given. One direct element that I haven't seen discussed is vengeance. THAT type of judgement is not ours nor can we mete it out. That is totally up to the Lord to mete out. I had thought to post a vengeance scripture, but there are many more than I recalled offhand (lots more). Perhaps this has been discussed vaguely but the specific word is useful here it seems to me.