The church of Christ is distinct from the church of Jesus Christ of latter day saints, if that's what you meant by "church of Jesus Christ." The church of Christ does not teach that we are under the law of Moses.
https://www.mvchurchofchrist.org/blog/2015/09/10/the-nine-commandments
I asked AI to have a crack at this question; are Christian Gentiles bound by the law?
Here is the questions I asked AI.
Using the scripture only.
Please explain in depth whether Gentile Christians are bound by the law, the ten commandments (Exodus 20)?
Have Gentiles ever been under the law (Exodus 20)?
What is the correct teaching on this relationship with the law and grace by Paul?
I thought that love fulfills the law and is the primary commandment we follow not the law?
ChatGPT said:
Thought for 14s (Please note; the time it took AI which is a considerable time for AI.
One extremely difficult question to answer. Why because every traditional church through history
has bound their church to the ten commandments (the law).
Back to AI.
Short answer up front
Using Scripture only: the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20) were given to Israel at Sinai as part of the Mosaic covenant (Ex. 19–20). Gentiles were not originally under that covenant as its legal obligation (Ex. 20:1–2; Rom. 2:14–15). Paul teaches that the Mosaic law cannot justify (Rom. 3:20; Gal. 2:16), that it functioned as a guardian/tutor until Christ (Gal. 3:23–25), and that Christians are now to live by the Spirit and by love—which “fulfills” the law (Rom. 8:2–4; Gal. 5:16–25; Rom. 13:8–10). The Jerusalem council shows the New Testament practice: Gentile believers were not required to become Jews or keep the Mosaic yoke (Acts 15:19–21, 28–29).
Below I lay out the scriptural evidence and a careful explanation.
1) To whom were the Ten Commandments given?
Exodus 20 is explicitly rooted in God’s saving acts for Israel and addressed to that people. The preface connects the law to Israel’s deliverance: “I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery” (Exod. 20:2). The giving of the law occurs on Sinai to Israel as a covenant people (Exod. 19; see especially Exod. 19:3–6).
Conclusion from Scripture: Exodus 20 is part of the Mosaic covenant given to Israel.
2) Were Gentiles ever under that law?
Scripture distinguishes between those who have the written Mosaic law and those who do not:
- Paul: “For when Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do what the law requires, they are a law to themselves…they show the work of the law written on their hearts” (Rom. 2:14–15).
- The law was given to Israel at Sinai; Gentiles did not receive that written covenant originally (Exod. 19–20; Rom. 3:1–2).
Practical point from Acts: At the Jerusalem Council the apostles and elders decided Gentile converts need not be circumcised or keep the full Mosaic yoke; instead the church asked them to observe a few prohibitions (Acts 15:19–21; 28–29).
Conclusion from Scripture: Gentiles historically were not under the Mosaic covenant as its legal obligation. They are morally accountable (Rom. 2), but not covenantally bound to Sinai’s law in the same way Israel was.
3) What did Paul teach about the law and Christians (especially Gentile Christians)?
a) The law’s role: to reveal sin but not to justify
- “Through the law comes knowledge of sin” (Rom. 3:20; Rom. 7:7–13). The law exposes sin (e.g., Paul’s use of the commandment to show transgression).
- The law cannot justify (Rom. 3:20; Gal. 2:16: “a person is not justified by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ”).
b) The law as guardian/tutor until Christ
- “Now before faith came, we were held captive under the law… So the law was our guardian until Christ came, that we might be justified by faith.” (Gal. 3:23–24; see also Gal. 3:19 for the giving of the law’s purpose and time).
After Christ, believers are no longer under that guardian (Gal. 3:25).
c) Christians are not to be “under the law” as a way of life for righteousness
- “For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.” (Rom. 6:14).
- “But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the law.” (Gal. 5:18).
Paul fights strongly against imposing circumcision and Mosaic observance as conditions for salvation or standing with God (Galatians entire; e.g., Gal. 5:2–4; Acts 15; Romans 3:28).
d) The Spirit and the new principle of life
- “For the law of the Spirit of life has set you free in Christ Jesus from the law of sin and death.” (Rom. 8:2).
- The Christian life is to be lived by the Spirit’s power: “Walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh.” (Gal. 5:16).
e) The law’s demands fulfilled in Christ and in love
- Christ: “Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law… I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.” (Matt. 5:17).
- Paul: the obedient life flows from love: “For the whole law is fulfilled in one word: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’” (Gal. 5:14; cf. Rom. 13:8–10).
- Jesus summarizes the law as love for God and neighbor (Matt. 22:37–40).
f) New covenant reality
- The writer to the Hebrews: God promises a new covenant in which his law will be put into hearts and minds (Heb. 8:8–13; Jer. 31:31–34 quoted). This signals a covenantal change—obedience now flows from a transformed heart.
4) How do we reconcile “love fulfills the law” with commandments such as Exodus 20?
Scripture gives the pattern:
- The purpose of the Mosaic commandments included moral instruction (murder, theft, etc.), ceremonial and civil laws tied to Israel’s covenant life. Exodus 20 contains moral commands that reflect God’s character.
- Love is the heart-sum of God’s law. Jesus places love of God and neighbor as the great commands (Matt. 22:37–40). Paul says “love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law” (Rom. 13:10). Thus the moral content of Exodus 20 is embodied in the ethic of love.
- The New Covenant writes God’s law on hearts (Heb. 8:10; Jer. 31:33). Under the new covenant obedience is produced by the Spirit and love rather than a legalistic reliance on an external covenant to secure righteousness.
- Christians obey Christ’s commandments (John 14:15: “If you love me, you will keep my commandments”; John 13:34: “A new commandment I give you, that you love one another”). So obedience is relational (love for Christ and others), not merely ritual compliance to Sinai’s code as a means of justification.
5) Practical summary from Paul’s teaching in Scripture
- Justification: Not by the works of the Mosaic law but by faith in Christ (Rom. 3:20–28; Gal. 2:16).
- Role of law: Reveals sin and our need for Christ (Rom. 3:20; Rom. 7:7–13). It functioned as a tutor until Christ (Gal. 3:23–25).
- For Gentile believers: They are not required to submit to Israel’s covenantal rites (Acts 15; Gal. 5; Romans). They are to live in the freedom of grace, guided by the Spirit (Gal. 5:1, 13–18).
- Moral obligation: Love governs the believer’s life and “fulfills” the moral law (Matt. 22:37–40; Rom. 13:8–10; Gal. 5:14). The commandments’ moral truths remain reflected in the life of the Spirit-led church, but the Mosaic covenantal system is not the believer’s rule for justification or for being counted righteous.
6) A few key passages to read together (Scripture-only list)
- Exodus 19–20 (giving of the law at Sinai)
- Romans 2:12–16; 3:19–28; 6:14; 7:7–13; 8:1–4
- Galatians 2; Galatians 3:19–29; Galatians 5:1–18
- Acts 15:1–29 (Jerusalem Council)
- Matthew 5:17–20; Matthew 22:34–40
- John 13:34–35; John 14:15
- Hebrews 8:7–13 (new covenant promise)
- Romans 13:8–10 (love fulfills the law)
Final brief answer
Scripture shows the Ten Commandments were given as part of the Mosaic covenant to Israel. Gentiles were not originally covenantally bound to Sinai’s law (Rom. 2:14–15; Acts 15). Paul teaches that the law’s place was to reveal sin and to be a guardian until Christ came (Rom. 3; Gal. 3), but believers—Jew and Gentile—are now to live by the Spirit, in grace and love, and not under the Mosaic law as the means of righteousness. Love (loving God and neighbor) is presented in Scripture as the summation and fulfilling principle of the law (Matt. 22:37–40; Rom. 13:8–10; Gal. 5:14).