Scripture wise, i don't believe that there's anything explicit or didactic on it. Jesus made use of the concept in his parables, but, on the same note, he often used secular and man's systems to allegorize his parables. Thus, I wouldn't be dogmatic on the implicit nature of it's usage in his parables (I don't believe that he was necessarily endorsing the actions of the characters that he depicted in these fables).
Biblically, Christians should not take Christians to court. For it's shameful that for one, there are grievances amongst us, and two, that there's no one wise enough in the Church to resolve the matter in a just and equitable manner (1 Cor. 6:7).
But also, as far as Christians vs the World goes, Jesus did say turn the other cheek, and to not resist a malefactor who wants your cloak.... Thus, it would seem petty, insecure, and lacking faith to take a non Christian to court over a theft or assault. Vengeance is mine saith the Lord.
But, on the other hand, knowing that there's a person that could cause harm to others on the loose, I personally would lay charges against him. I'm not convinced that that is acting in faith or not, but at this point in my life, when the stakes are high (life or thousands of dollars) i would take someone to court. Again, not sure if that's due to a lack of faith or not?