In Genesis 1:26, Elohim (plural) said (third masculine singular), “Let us make13 (first person common plural) man (noun masculine singular) in our image (“image” is a masculine singular noun with a first person common plural suffix), after our likeness (“likeness” is a feminine singular noun with a first person common plural suffix).”
Grammatically, the words “make,” “us” and “our” in this verse cannot refer to Elohim alone, for the verb directly connected with Elohim (“said”is singular. The doctrine of verbal plenary inspiration means the Bible is inspired, even to its very words, and inspiration extends to every word in the Bible. This means even verb tense and number is inspired. If Elohim had intended here to include only Himself in His address, He would have used a singular verb and pronouns. If Elohim were more than one, it would be appropriate to use the plural form of “make” and the plural pronouns “us” and “our,” but in that case, the verb “said” would be plural as well.
Thus, the grammar makes clear that when the singular Elohim spoke, He included someone else in His statement. The Jewish people, who are of course strictly monotheistic, have long held that in Genesis 1:26 Elohim addressed the angels in a courteous consideration for the attendants at His heavenly court when He said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness.” This is not unreasonable, for Job 38:7 indicates the angels were present at creation, rejoicing in the works of God. Others suppose we should take the plural pronouns, like the plural Elohim, as a “plural of majesty.
” Ezra 4:18 is appealed to for support. Here, in response to a letter, King Artaxerxes says, “The letter which ye sent unto us hath been plainly read before me.” The letter was to Artaxerxes alone, and in the same breath he uses both a plural and a singular pronoun of himself. Historically, kings of the earth have used plural pronouns of themselves. Perhaps that is the use the Great King makes of a plural verb and plural pronouns in the few verses of Scripture where they appear.
But if so, one is left to wonder why, in thousands of cases, Elohim uses singular verbs and pronouns of Himself, and why He would use plural verbs and nouns in only four verses in the entire Bible. Why would He not use either singular verbs and pronouns exclusively or plural verbs and pronouns exclusively? The sparse use of plural verbs and pronouns must indicate some specific, limited purpose.
The simplest explanation, and the one which agrees with the inspired grammar most closely, is that in these few verses Elohim is graciously including others, angelic beings, in His address. Angels did not actually make man, any more than believers today actually work miracles (see John 14:12; Matthew 10:8); God has graciously allowed us to be laborers together with Him (I Corinthians 3:9). Perhaps there is some similarity here to the way God included the angels in His work.
LET US MAKE MAN IN OUR IMAGE
Genesis 1:26,27
By Voy Wilks
8/31/98
"Then Elohim said, 'Let us make man in our image, after our likeness'" (Gen. 1:26, RSV).
Monotheism means one. Any person who believes in the Trinity or the Duality cannot properly claim to believe in Monotheism. The reason being, Trinity means three, Duality means two, while Monotheism means one - One theos, or One Elohim, not two, three, or a dozen. Of course,, Trinitarians and Dualists will heartily disagree, but this is fact. This is Truth. Monotheism means ONE. Perhaps a better term is Mono-el-ism; ONE EL.
Let Us
Because the words us and our appear in Genesis 1:26, "Let us make man in our images and our likeness, Trinitarians say, "Ah ha! This proves the Trinity." But surprise: Dualist say, "Ah ha! This proves the Duality of Yahweh." Isn't this amazing? It seems we have a choice. Based on these two little words, we can believe in the Trinity, or we can believe in Duality, all the while referring to these as Monotheism. Amazing!
After this astonishing revelation, let us now look at Genesis 1:27:
"So Elohim created man in HIS own image, in the image of Elohim HE created him; male and female HE created them."
Comparison
Genesis 1:26 contains three plural pronouns. Genesis 1:27 contains three singular pronouns. All refer to the same person - the Creator. If Trinitarians and Dualists can ignore verse 27 with its singular pronouns, perhaps I should have the privilege of ignoring verse 26 with its plural pronouns. I speak lightly, of course, to encourage thought and study. My preference is, none of us should ignore Biblical Scripture as originally given.
Image and Likeness
Have you noticed? Image and likeness are not plural words, but singular; in Hebrew as well as English. Dr. Bullinger pointed this out, even though he was a Trinitarian. Elohim made man in the image of Elohim, not images of Elohim. This indicates the image (singular) of one person, not two or three persons. The same is true of likeness. The word is singular.
A Translator's Footnote (Gen. 1:26)
RSV Harper Study Bible, notes by Harold Lindsell.
"Let us make man. Many interpret us to mean the Trinity, ... but probably early readers understood the word as the plural of majesty, just as the plural Elohim (Hebrew) is used of God to denote his majesty and attributes. Another possible interpretation is the picture of God consulting with his angelic court, the host of heaven (1 Kings 22:19), or the sons of God (Job 1:6)." (Emphasis added).
It is interesting to note that Harold Lindsell believed in the Trinity, indicated by his note on Mt. 28:19, nevertheless he realized Gen. 1:26 does not promote the Trinity. He spoke of "early readers" who understood the word as the plural of majesty. "Early readers" would be the Saints of antiquity and the disciples of the first century C.E. who had no knowledge of Duality or Trinity (See The Christian Doctrine of God, Vol. 1, by the noted Theologian, Emil Brunner, pages 205-237; published by Westminister Press, Philadelphia, 1946).
The Reference: 1st Kings 22:19
When we consult the reference given by Mr. Lindsell (2 Kings 22:19), we see that his point is certainly worth considering:
"And Micaiah said, 'Therefore hear the word of Yahweh: I saw Yahweh sitting on his throne, and all of the host of heaven standing beside him on his right hand and on his left; and Yahweh said,
"'Who will entice Ahab that he may go up and fall at Ramoth-Gilead?' And one said one thing and another said another. Then a spirit came forward and stood before Yahweh, saying, 'I will entice him.' And Yahweh said to him, 'By what means?'
"'I will go forth and be a lying spirit in the mouth of all of his prophets.' And he said, 'You are to entice him, and you shall succeed; go forth and do so.'
"Now therefore behold, Yahweh has put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these your prophets; Yahweh has spoken evil concerning you" (1 Kings 22:19-22, RSV).
We see that Yahweh consulted with his celestial court on this occasion. He may have done the same in the beginning (Gen. 1:26). His celestial court consisted of the following:
(1) Yahweh
(2) The angels. Note Yahshua was never an angel (Heb. 1:5,13).
(3) The living creatures (the living beasts); that is, the Cherubim.
(4) No one else was present, apparently.
Footnote, Genesis 1:26
New English Bible
"The plural us (Gen. 3:22; 11:7) may be a majestic plural, or else refer to minor divine beings thought to surround God, like the courtiers of a human king (1 Kings 22:19-22)."
Only One Yahweh & Only One True El
Since there is only one Yahweh and only one true El (Deut. 6:4; Neh. 9:6; John 17:3), this confirms Yahshua was not present in the beginning (1) as the Creator, or (2) as a second Yahweh (Gen. 1:26); nor was he present in the days of Ahab (1 Kings 22:19).
"To you it was shown, that you might know that Yahweh is Elohim; there is no other besides HIM. ... know therefore this day, and lay it to your heart, that Yahweh is Elohim in heaven above and on earth beneath; there is no other" (Deut. 4:35,39, RSV).
Deut. 6:4
Hear, O Israel: Yahweh our Elohim is ONE Yahweh, ..." (Deut. 6:4).
One is translated from the Hebrew word echad, equal in every respect to the English word, one. Echad is a cardinal number, meaning one as in one, two, three, etc. A cardinal number establishes how many, whereas an ordinal number establishes a place in a sequence, such as first, second, third, etc. Yahweh is not first among several. Instead, he is the ONE true El; the ONLY Yahweh who exist (2 Sam. 22:32; Ps. 83:18; Isa. 43:10; 44:6; 45:5,6,21,22; Mark 12:28-32; Luke 18:19; Rev. 15:4).
There are more than sixty Scriptures which declare there is one Yahweh; one true Elohim so, is it rational to ignore 60 Scriptures in preference to three little words in Genesis 1:26?
Conclusion
Since there are more than sixty Scriptures which declare there is one Yahweh, the evidence indicates we must accept the three plural pronouns in Genesis 1:26 as Mr. Lindsell suggested:
(1) As the plural of majesty, not as a plurality of persons; a plurality of Deities, or
(2) Accept the view that the only Yahweh who exists consulted with his Angelic Court, as illustrated in 2 Kings 22:19.
Scriptures do not support the doctrine of the Trinity, neither do they support the doctrine of Duality of Deities. Scriptures teach Monotheism; One Yahweh - One true El.
"You believe that Yahweh is one; you do well; the demons believe also, and tremble" (James 2:19).
"TELL US"
Isaiah 41:21-26
By Voy Wilks
3/26/99
Throughout the Scriptures most references to Yahweh use singular pronouns; I, me, my, mine, he, him, his, etc. Why is this? The answer is, Yahweh truly is ONE, so naturally, singular pronouns are associated with Yahweh, the El, of Israel.
"Hear, O Israel: Yahweh our Elohim is one Yahweh: ... (Deut. 6:4, KJV).
"Ye [Israel, Verse 1] are my witnesses, saith Yahweh, and my servant whom I have chosen, that ye may know and believe me, and understand that I am he: before me there was no El formed, neither shall there be ANY AFTER ME. I, even I am Yahweh; and beside me there is no savior" (Isa. 43:10,11).
In a few references, however, Scriptures do use plural pronouns, even when the One Yahweh is spoken of. There is an explanation for each, as in the following quotation:
"Produce your cause, saith Yahweh; bring forth your strong reasons, saith the king of Jacob. Let them bring them forth, and show US what shall happen: let them show the former things, what they be, that WE may consider them, or declare to US things for to come. Show the things that are to come hereafter that WE may know that ye are gods: ye, do good, or do evil, that WE may be dismayed and behold it together. ...
"Behold, ye are of nothing, and your work is nought: an abomination is he that chooseth you. I have raised up one from the north, and he shall come: from the rising of the sun shall he call upon my name: and he shall come upon princes as upon mortar, and as the potter treadeth clay. Who hath declared from the beginning, that WE may know? And before time, that WE may say, He is righteous? there is none that declareth, yea, there is none that heareth your words" (Isa. 41:21-26, KJV).
In these verses, us and we are used several times in connection with the one Yahweh. Why is this?
o Some might claim these verses support the doctrine of the Trinity. But no. The Trinity is a false doctrine. It is not true. As noted above, there is only ONE El. "Before me, no El was formed, neither shall there be [any] after me" (Isa. 43:10).
o Some might claim these verses support the doctrine of the Twinity (the Duality); two Els, two Yahwehs. But no. We have just found that Yahweh is one Yahweh. THERE IS NO OTHER (Deut. 6:4). "Before me, no El was formed nor shall there be any after me" (Isa. 43:10, RSV).
What, then, can we say about these plural pronouns in reference to Yahweh? Long ago, wise men reported we shuld notice the context; note the general message before, in, and after the verse being studied, Therefore, let us do so at this time. Go back to verse one of Isaiah 41.
"Keep silence before me, O islands; and let the people renew their strength: let them come near; let them speak: let US come near together to judgment" (Isa. 41:1).
We see that Yahweh calls to the people of the Coast Lands. "Let us meet together." Both Yahweh and the peoples of the Coast Lands.
In the verses which follow, Yahweh reveals to his listeners some of his majestic deeds. Idolaters, on the other hand, encourage each other in the creation of and worship to their idols (Isa. 41:5-7).
Now note: The Most High brings Israel into the picture, and reassures his chosen people of his continuing love. "You are my servant. Have no fear. I will help you" (Isa. 41:8-20).
So we now have THREE PARTIES: (1) Yahweh, (2) Israel, and (3) those who worship idols. Yahweh and Israel stand together. And what happens?
Set forth your case (you idolaters). Give proof of your power. Your great deeds. Tell US: (Us = Yahweh, Israel, and the gathered idolaters). Tell us what is to happen. Declare to us who are assembled here the things which will come to pass hereafter, so we will know you are gods. Yahweh's summation is,
"Behold, they (the idols) are all a delusion; their works are nothing; their molten images are empty wind" (Isa. 41:29, RSV).
Helpful Quotations From Other Versions
o "Present your case, ..." (Isa. 41:21, Berkeley Version). Footnote: "In verses 1-4 worshipers of idols are addressed; in verses 21-24 the idols are challenged."
o "Listen ... come now and speak, ... The court is ready for your case" (Isa. 41:1, TLB).
o "Elohim says, be silent and listen to me, you distant lands. Get ready to present your case in court: you will have your chance to speak" (Isa. 41:1, Good News Bible); and verse 21: "Yahweh the king of Israel has this to say, you gods of the nations, present your case. Bring the best arguments you have. ... Explain to the court the things of the past, ..."
Conclusion
It is significant that none of these versions refer to Isa. 41 as a support for the Trinity. This is true of reference books, also, which were consulted. They were to honest to claim this verse supports the Trinity or the Duality.
In reviewing Isaiah chapter 41, we see clearly, in the use of us and we, there is no allusion to a Trinity or a Duality of Deities. Instead, symbolically at least, Yahweh challenged the peoples of distant lands to meet with him and his people Israel for a face to face encounter; a court session:
"Let US decide for once and for all time about these idols: Do they have power to do good, to do evil, or to predict the future? No. They are as empty wind" (paraphrase).
Yahweh, the one, true El has this power. He can predict, then make it come to pass. He can also bring salvation. Idols can do nothing.
SOURCE
Also see:
“Let us” in Genesis 1:26 is NOT the Trinity
The Bible Answer Stand Ministry
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