The interaction between Earth and Sea is not always related to geology in scripture, but symbolizes the division between the chosen people on the land of Israel, and those that are outside of it. "Earth" seems to refer to the Promised Land/Israel, and "sea" being the rest. "Waters", or "many waters" are also related to this similar idea of the "sea".
In Revelation we see the two beasts, one coming out of the earth, the other out of the sea:
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And the dragon stood on the shore of the sea. Then I saw a beast with ten horns and seven heads rising out of the sea. "
"Then I saw a second beast, coming out of the earth. It had two horns like a lamb, but it spoke like a dragon.
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The beast that rises out of Israel, is the false prophet, that convinces everyone to worship the beast that is not of Israel.
Some more examples of waters, sea being symbolic to nations:
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This is what the LORD says: "See how the waters are rising from the north and becoming an overflowing torrent. They will overflow the land.." - Jeremiah 47:2
Then one of the seven angels with the seven bowls came and said to me, "Come, I will show you the punishment of the great prostitute, who sits on many waters." - Revelation 17:1
Then he said to me, “The waters which you saw, where the harlot sits, are peoples, multitudes, nations, and tongues. - Revelation 17:15
Woe to the multitude of many people -Who- make a noise like the roar of the seas, And to the rushing of nations -That- make a rushing like the rushing of mighty waters! - Isa 17:12
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There is also an idea that the great flood was a local event.. this would explain it..
What about Jeremiah 4:23? He certainly does not talk about the Earth in a geological sense..
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I looked at the earth, and it was formless and empty; and at the heavens, and their light was gone.
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There is also the idea of the (4) corners of the Earth, and the (4) winds (of heaven) which I think relates to this phenomena also.