There are two questions which need to be addressed in this regard: (1) Were the sins of the whole world placed on the Lamb of God, who was made "SIN" for us? and (2) Do all who hear the Gospel obey it?
1. Regarding the Lamb of God, John the Baptist made a very clear and explicit statement which is true (since he was a prophet, and the greatest prophet according to Christ): The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world. (John 1:29) John Calvin (in his commentary on this verse found on Bible Hub) was compelled to concede that this verse meant exactly what it says. The sins of the human race were laid on Christ. Which also means that He paid for the sins of the whole world as the Propitiation (1 John 2:1,2). Therefore Christ made this blanket statement (Johh 3:17): For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved.
2. However, Scripture makes it perfectly clear that only those who repent and believe on the Lord Jesus Christ avail of this atonement (more accurately "propitiation). And here are the words of Christ (John 3:18-21) to confirm that: He that believeth on him is not condemned: but he that believeth not is condemned already, because he hath not believed in the name of the only begotten Son of God. And this is the condemnation, that light is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. For every one that doeth evil hateth the light, neither cometh to the light, lest his deeds should be reproved. But he that doeth truth cometh to the light, that his deeds may be made manifest, that they are wrought in God.
Every Soteriological group LIMITS Christ's Atonement work.
If you believe that Christ died for everyone -
then you LIMIT the "Efficacy" of His Atonement. You believe the sins of the whole world were placed upon Jesus Christ but the "efficacy" of His blood must be obtained by a believer's faith. This belief, has Christ's death being wasted on those that do not believe. However, this does serious harm to the "efficacy" of Christ's Atoning work. It means that Christ's blood is not efficient enough to accomplish it's purpose. God provided the sacrifice but it alone is not enough to impute righteousness. If a person refuses to believe, then this sacrificial work is discarded.
How can the efficacy of Christ's work be discarded? Any blood that is not imputed, would have to be discarded. Christ's person and work, were accepted by the father, as a perfect and finished work. God would never allow mankind to be the final determinate factor. Why? Because throughout Scripture, God has never allowed, since the time of Adam, for mankind to be the final determinate factor. Scripture teaches again and again, that it is God who is in control of all things. All things not just some things.
Those who limit Christ's "efficacy", fail to realize, that God would not place the sins of the whole world upon Christ because this defies even human logic.
Why would the Father, place upon the Son, the sins of those He already knows are lost? That's like a human father saying to his son: "Here son, carry these
four bags of concrete over to the work site but we only need
one." This would be illogical.
Those who LIMIT the "efficacy" of the Atoning work, fail to realize, that righteousness and justification, come by the "faithfulness" of Jesus Christ, not by our or any individuals faith.
Those who do not believe that Christ died for the whole world -
LIMIT the "extent" of His Atoning work. If the "extent" is not LIMITED, then ALL (world), that Christ died for will be saved. The Bible does not teach this. Efficacy is never in question. All whom Christ died for, have it's full efficacy, (Eternally finished) and will believe, (Temporal reality). This Atoning work was completed in the mind of God from eternity past. This is why Christ said, on many occasions, The work He did, The Father gave him to do. The words He said, were the words The Father gave Him to say. Therefore, the ones He came to die for, were the ones The Father had given Him.
This is why the Elect were chosen
IN Christ before the foundation of the world and why the Lamb of God was
slain before the foundation of the world.
Eph 1:4 even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blemish before him in love:
Rev_13:8 And all that dwell upon the earth shall worship him, whose names are not written in the book of life of the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world.
Eternity - guarantees it. Time will manifest it.