To discern the scriptures we have to realise the following:
God's old covenant was with Abraham, through his descendants son Isaac, and grandson Jacob (and Jacob was renamed Israel by God, after he struggled with God and overcame).
God's old covenant with Jacob/Israel was broken by Israel's disobedience (pagan worshipping, offering their children to Baal, etc.), through their disobedience to God's old covenant Israel got split into two kingdoms, the southern kingdom
Jews under Judah (tribes of Judah/Benjamin/Levi), and the northern kingdom
Ephraimites under Ephraim's half tribe of Joseph son of Jacob (remainder of the twelve tribes of Israel). For them breaking God's covenant the Ephraimites went into a very long Assyrian captivity scattered to all the nations (to this day they have not been regathered and are still identity lost, scattered among the nations, we do not know who their offspring are). For breaking God's covenant the three tribes of Jews (excluding the Ephraimite tribes), went into a short period of captivity to Babylon, retained their identity and returned to the three tribes' of Judah's southern land of Judea (not the complete Israel as the promised land to all twelve tribes).
The curse for breaking God's old covenant is found in Deuteronomy 28 and the specific curse of being scattered with a lost identity (forgetting you are Israel) among the nations is found in verse 64:
Deuteronomy 28 (ESV)
64 "And the Lord will scatter you among all peoples, from one end of the earth to the other, and there you shall serve other gods of wood and stone, which neither you nor your fathers have known.
Jesus / Yeshua removed Israel's curse under God's old covenant, with God's new covenant with his chosen people Israel, who will now regain their lost identity, and come into one under Jesus / Yeshua out from their scatteredness among all the nations:
John 11 (ESV)
48 If we let him go on like this, everyone will believe in him, and the Romans will come and take away both our place and our nation."
49 But one of them, Caiaphas, who was high priest that year, said to them, "You know nothing at all.
50 Nor do you understand that it is better for you that one man should die for the people, not that the whole nation should perish."
51 He did not say this of his own accord, but being high priest that year he prophesied that Jesus would die for the nation,
52 and
not for the nation only, but also to gather into one the children of God who are scattered abroad.
53 So from that day on they made plans to put him to death.
54 Jesus therefore no longer walked openly among the
Jews, but went from there to the region near the wilderness, to a town called
Ephraim, and there he stayed with the disciples.
Some of God's old and new covenant children of Israel, are not at all of the blood descendants of Jacob/Israel, through the promises made to Jacob's father Isaac and his father Abraham, but were adopted by Israel, like those of mixed blood that left with Israel in the Exodus out of Egypt, and Ruth (who as formerly non-Israelite became the great-grandmother of King David, from whose lineage Jesus / Yeshua was born) the Moabite. Jesus also welcomed the Canaanite woman from among the Gentiles into the new covenant, that showed she was either of mixed scattered lost Ephraim/Israel blood, or wanted to be adopted into Israel's covenant.
Exodus 12 (NLT)
37 That night the people of Israel left Rameses and started for Succoth. There were about 600,000 men, plus all the women and children.
38 A rabble of non-Israelites went with them, along with great flocks and herds of livestock.
Ruth 1 (ESV)
2 The name of the man was Elimelech and the name of his wife Naomi, and the names of his two sons were Mahlon and Chilion. They were
Ephrathites from Bethlehem in Judah. They went into the country of Moab and remained there.
8 But Naomi said to her two daughters-in-law, "Go, return each of you to her mother's house. May the Lord deal kindly with you, as you have dealt with the dead and with me.
15 And she said, "See, your sister-in-law has gone back to her people and to her gods; return after your sister-in-law."
16 But Ruth said, "Do not urge me to leave you or to return from following you. For where you go I will go, and where you lodge I will lodge.
Your people shall be my people, and your God my God.
Matthew 15 (ESV)
22 And behold, a Canaanite woman from that region came out and was crying, "Have mercy on me,
O Lord, Son of David; my daughter is severely oppressed by a demon."
23 But he did not answer her a word. And his disciples came and begged him, saying, "Send her away, for she is crying out after us."
24 He answered, "I was sent
only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel."
25 But she came and knelt before him, saying, "Lord, help me."
26 And he answered, "It is not right to take the children's bread and throw it to the dogs."
27 She said, "Yes, Lord, yet even the dogs eat the crumbs that fall from their masters' table."
28 Then Jesus answered her, "
O woman, great is your faith! Be it done for you as you desire." And her daughter was healed instantly.
Under the new covenant God's laws for his chosen people Israel under Jesus / Yeshua (blood and adopted) have not changed, his laws are not any more written on tablets of stone making us slaves of the law, but are now written on our hearts and minds, making our will and obedience in harmony with God's will and law, out of our love for Jesus / Yeshua who wrote those laws on our hearts and minds with his blood atonement.
Hebrews 8 (ESV)
8 For he finds fault with them when he says: "Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will establish a new covenant with the house of Israel (
scattered and adopted Ephramites / Christians among all the nations of the earth) and with the house of Judah (
Jews),
9 not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt. For they did not continue in my covenant, and so I showed no concern for them, declares the Lord.
10 For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the Lord: I will put my laws into their minds, and write them on their hearts, and I will be their God, and they shall be my people. 
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