Here is my first question. Why are there so many denominations? Why does Calvinism and Arminism exist? Should not a Holy truth be agreed upon? Can you be stuck in between and still be saved? As they say the devil is in the details.
1. So many denominations because Satan is very good at dividing the Kingdom and keeping us at each others throats by having us believe we have all the answers and are more accurate than the church down the street. When in reality many denominations hold the core Christian doctrines but disagree on non salvation issues or called majoring in the minors. One truth but out of selfishness, pride, ignorance, or sin can disrupt the whole truth. In my opinion freedom of religion is good. The freedom to worship as you and your conscience believes is good. But by conscious we live by what the Spirit convicts us of and as long as others beliefs dont completely disrupt the simple Gospel of Christ as in Jesus is God, was God in the flesh, walked the earth, was killed, resurrected in 3 days, is the only way to salvation by grace through faith. Basic simple truths.
2. Calvinism and Arminianism are basically the extreme left and extreme right of most popular theological beliefs. Most people fall on one side and usually without being extreme fall somewhere in the middle.
They exist because they use the same scriptures and same words but interpretation varies. Because much of related to how God works is at best hard for us to completely understand.
3. By Holy Truth what do you mean by that? We already have a uncorrupted Bible and even early church history and writings. So who would force their interpretation on the masses? Anyways no I do not believe God wants the church to be a theocracy due to as stated above out of selfishness, pride, ignorance, or sin, the diversity is like a government's separation of powers protecting liberty but also giving the freedom to speak against the sins of the church or if church authorities get too out of hand, the people can fire the authorities or separate from them.
4. Yes I do believe you do not have to be extreme right or left to be saved. We all are on a journey and some are farther along than others.
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I am wondering about your first statement. Are we exhorted to be ready to respond to anything, or simply to be ready and able to give an answer, when asked, the reason for the hope we have? Some things we are not to engage and/or respond to at all, nor even involve ourselves with. Figuring out the finer points of what that entails and how to navigate that? Yes, challenging at times... which is why we need to put on the full armor of Truth 
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