The Sabbath commandment was given only to Israel
Speak thou also unto the children of Israel, saying, Verily my Sabbaths ye shall keep: for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations; that ye may know that I am the LORD that doth sanctify you.
The command was given by their ancestors, not Moses
“On the Sabbath should we do good deeds or evil deeds? Should we save someone’s life or destroy it?” But no one said a word. (Mar 3:4 CEV) Furthermore, “Moses commanded you to circumcise your sons. But it wasn’t really Moses who gave you this command. It was your ancestors, and even on the Sabbath you circumcise your sons. Why are you angry with me for making someone completely well on the Sabbath? Don’t judge by appearances. Judge by what is right. (Joh 7:22-24 CEV)
They were required to make burnt offerings on the Sabbath:-
And the burnt offering that the prince shall offer unto the LORD in the sabbath day shall be six lambs without blemish, and a ram without blemish. Eze_46:4
in remembrance of their delivery from slavery
Exd 31:13 And remember that thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt, and that the LORD thy God brought thee out thence through a mighty hand and by a stretched out arm: therefore the LORD thy God commanded thee to keep the sabbath day. Deu_5:15
Naturally this does not include Gentiles:
One man esteemeth one day above another: another esteemeth every day alike. Let every man be fully persuaded in his own mind. Rom 14:5
Neither should Gentiles be falsely judged for not remembering Jewish customs and traditions
“Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of an holyday, or of the new moon, or of the sabbath days”: Col 2:16
They often broke the Sabbath:
And Jesus said unto them, What man shall there be among you, that shall have one sheep, and if it fall into a pit on the sabbath day, will he not lay hold on it, and lift it out? How much then, is a man better than a sheep? Wherefore it is lawful to do well on the sabbath days. Mat_12:11-12 And answered them, saying, Which of you shall have an ass or an ox fallen into a pit, and will not straightway pull him out on the sabbath day? Luk_14:5
Jesus is Lord of the Sabbath:
“The Sabbath was made to meet the needs of people, and not people to meet the requirements of the Sabbath. So the Son of Man is Lord, even over the Sabbath!” (Mar 2:27-28 NLT)
They plotted to crucify the Lord of the Sabbath
Eternal rest can only be found in Christ Jesus who took upon himself the sins of the world. After resting in the grave on the seventh day He rose again in newness of life on the first day, conquering sin and death by one sacrifice, forever setting us free from the bondage, of Sin. Glory be to God.
Finally, while Jews remember their captivity on earth, Christians remember, and praise their eternal redeemer for their freedom from eternal destruction, which will be the fate of many Sabbath keepers.