I have heard this explanation so often ....... Jesus came and offered the Jews the Kingdom but they refused so God put plan B into action and formed the Church instead. Does anyone really think that God had all these plans worked out and then those pesky Jews put a spanner in the works and messed it all up for him? The Kingdom was put in place when Jesus arrived. He said the Kingdom of Heaven is within you. He said the Kingdom was not of this world. It is a Spiritual Kingdom. Many of the Parables explain this.
The "Jewish" rejection was foreknown in God's plan, the cross was the means for Messiah to enter into his glory (his kingdom):
Luke 24:26 Ought not Christ to have suffered these things, and to enter into his glory?
Luke 24:27 And beginning at Moses and all the prophets, he expounded unto them in all the scriptures the things concerning himself.
Luke 24:21 But we trusted that it had been he which should have redeemed Israel: and beside all this, to day is the third day since these things were done.
These two are very much like the "dispensationalists" that were expecting a physical redemption of Israel rather than a gathering into the "body of Christ".
If the Jews supposedly rejected Jesus the first time, what would stop them rejecting him on the supposed second appearing?