Does one's belief in the timing of rapture (pre tribulation, during tribulation, etc) affect one's salvation?
Certainly not according to the bible. For example, Jesus said:
“"For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life.” (Joh 3:16 NKJV)
He didn't say: “"For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him and believes the correct things about the timing of the rapture should not perish but have everlasting life.” (Joh 3:16 NKJV)
Similarly, the apostles said to the jailer: "Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and you will be saved," not "Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and the correct timing of the rapture and you will be saved,"