4. the power of rule or government (the power of him whose will and commands must be submitted to by others and obeyed (generally translated authority));
a. universally:
Matthew 28:18;
Jude 1:25;
Revelation 12:10;
Revelation 17:13; λαμβάνειν, ἐξουσίαν ὡς βασιλεύς,
Revelation 17:12; εἰμί ὑπό ἐξουσίαν, I am under authority,
Matthew 8:9; with τασσόμενος added, (
Matthew 8:9 L WH brackets);
Luke 7:8; ἐξουσία τίνος, the genitive of the object, authority (to be exercised) over, as τῶν πνευμάτων τῶν ἀκαθάρτων,
Mark 6:7; with ὥστε ἐκβάλλειν αὐτά added,
Matthew 10:1; ἐξουσίαν πάσης σαρκός, authority over all mankind,
John 17:2 (πάσης σαρκός κυρειαν, Bel and the Dragon, verse 5); (the genitive of the subject, τοῦ Σατανᾶ,
Acts 26:18); ἐπί τινα, power over one, so as to be able to subdue, drive out, destroy,
Revelation 6:8; ἐπί τά δαιμόνια,
Luke 9:1; or to hold submissive to one's will,
Revelation 13:7; ἐπί τάς πληγάς, the power to inflict plagues and to put an end to them,
Revelation 16:9; ἐπί τῶν ἐθνῶν, over the heathen nations,
Revelation 2:26; ἐπί τίνος, to destroy one,
Revelation 20:6; ἔχειν ἐξουσίαν ἐπί τοῦ πυρός, to preside, have control, over fire, to hold it subject to his will,
Revelation 14:18; ἐπί τῶν ὑδάτων,
Revelation 11:6; ἐπάνω τίνος ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν, to be ruler over a thing,
Luke 19:17.
b. specifically, α. of the power of judicial decision; ἐξουσίαν ἔχειν with an infinitive of the thing decided: σταυρῶσαι and ἀπολῦσαι τινα,
John 19:10; followed by κατά τίνος, the power of deciding against one,
John 19:11; παραδοῦναι τινα ... τῇ ἐξουσία τοῦ ἡγεμόνος,
Luke 20:20. β. of authority to manage domestic affairs:
Mark 13:34.
c. metonymically, α. a thing subject to authority or rule:
Luke 4:6; jurisdiction: ἐκ τῆς ἐξουσίας ἡδωρου ἐστιν,
Luke 23:7 (1 Macc. 6:11 (cf.
Psalm 113:2 ();
Isaiah 39:2)). β. one who possesses authority; (cf. the Latin use ofhonestates,dignitates,auctoritates (so the English authorities, dignities, etc.) in reference to persons); αα. a ruler, human magistrate (Dionysius Halicarnassus 8, 44; 11, 32):
Romans 13:1-3; plural:
Luke 12:11;
Romans 13:1;
Titus 3:1. ββ. the leading and more powerful among created beings superior to man, spiritual potentates; used in the plural of a certain class of angels (see ἀρχή, δύναμις, θρόνος, κυριότης):
Colossians 1:16;
1 Peter 3:22 (cf. Fritzsche on Romans, vol. ii., p. 226f; (Lightfoot on Colossians, the passage cited)); with ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις added,
Ephesians 3:10; πᾶσα ἐξουσία,
1 Corinthians 15:24;
Ephesians 1:21;
Colossians 2:10; used also of demons: in the plural,
Ephesians 6:12;
Colossians 2:15; collectively (cf. Lob. ad Phryn., p. 469), ἡ ἐξουσία τοῦ ἀέρος (see ἀήρ),
Ephesians 2:2; τοῦ σκότους,
Colossians 1:13 (others refer this to 4 a. (or c. α.) above (cf.
Luke 22:53 in 2), and regard σκότος as personified; see σκότος, b.).