I think you’re misunderstanding – I’m not saying Hebrew was the language of Jerusalem; Hebrew was the ecclesiastical language of Judaism; the language used in the temples and in teaching, etc. On a daily basis, people spoke Aramaic, or in some cases, Greek. It also seems that by the first century, Greek was gaining ground as an acceptable ecclesiastical language for Judaism within the western Diaspora and also a bit in larger cities such as Jerusalem. This use of Greek however does not seem to have been the norm; Hebrew was by far the ‘correct’ language to use.
Where is your evidence? I can point to Edersheim. Greek may have been more common as a liturgical language in synagogues, at least outside of the holy land, maybe almost universally used. Where is the evidence that it was shocking to use Greek in Jerusalem? How did the Romans communicate with the priests? How did the masses of Hellenistic Jewish imigrants communicate?
“I also notice you don't deal in detail with the narrative of Acts 2, particularly with the parts that contradict your theory.” – Not sure what parts those are.
The parts I quoted, where it says they spoke in other languages, and the part where it says those who came heard them speak in their own languages.
“Consider a similar use of this figurative expression in the apostle’s letter to the Galatians. He wrote:
“But though we, or an angel from heaven, should preach unto you any gospel other than that which we preached unto you, let him be anathema” (Gal. 1:8; emphasis added).
So is your argument that if one reference to angels contained hyperbole, they all most. It's not outside of the realm of possibility that something claiming to be an angel from heaven might preach a false gospel. Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light.
There are other things in Paul's list that are possible, even if extreme, in I Corinthians 13. If there is no airtight case for saying Paul is speaking of 'impossibilities' why argue for it.
So similarly, in 1 Corinthians 13:1, Paul is not indicating that some Christians speak an “angelic” (ecstatic) language.
What evidence is there that angels were ecstatic? Why would angelic languages have to be spoken in an ecstatic state any more than human languages?
Calling speaking in tongues 'ecstatic utterances' is typically inaccurate, and not something generally used by Pentecostals in my experience. One need not be in an ecstatic state to speak in tongues any more than he need to be in such a state to prophesy, preach, or pray in his native language.
Rather, he is merely saying that even if one could ascend to a new height, and communicate on the level of angels, if he did not exercise love by speaking in an understandable fashion, he still would be nothing but a distracting noise. The apostle’s argument does not hint of a mysterious, unintelligible utterance; in fact, it reflects just the opposite.
Read chapter 14. Paul is dealing with utterances that are mysterious in that others do not understand what is spoken. Paul says, 'he speaks mysteries with his spirit. So yes, he is talking about mysterious languages (in that sense.) The utterance is unintelligible to others, hence the part about barbarians and the parts about the need to interpret the tongues so others will understand.
If it can be established that the term “tongues,” when employed with reference to men, has to do with intelligent communication (and such can be demonstrated), then it must be conceded that the word “tongues,” when used of angels, similarly signifies an understandable language.
Intelligent communication is not inherent in the meaning of the word 'language' in English. And it is not inherent in the meaning of the word 'glossa' in Greek.
If someone started speaking to you in Tahitian, and you didn't know the language, you might tell someone about it and say, "I do not know what language he was speaking, but I didn't understand it." Native speakers of English will use the word 'language' in that case even though there was no intelligent communication going on. If you read those Hindi quotes above, didn't know what they said before you typed them into Google, and mentioned them to someone else, you might say, "I want to figure out what language this is. Again, no intelligent communication required, not from the perspective of the speaker or listener necessary. It is enough that the words are used for intelligent communciation by someone for it to be a language. .
I Corinthians 14 deals with language, glossa, tongues spoken by individuals where no communication is going on, but the word glossa is still used.
In order for the “Pentecostal” view to be valid, there would have to be some compelling contextual evidence to indicate that the term “tongues” is used in two different senses in this passage, and there simply is none.”
No, there doesn't. If angels communicate with language, then what they use can be called 'language' whether we understand it or not. The same applies to human languages that we do not know.
Btw, what do you think the Pentecostal view is? I'd say the Pentecostal view is 'real languages', since that is the historical Pentecostal view. It seems to be the view of the A/G, the largest Pentecostal denomiantion, as well, given the number of testimonies recorded of people who understood speaking in tongues on the mission field (e.g. as source material for 'Spoken by the Spirit' by Paul Harris, or in Charles Greenoways sermons in the 1980s.)